Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 14 pp 18131—18149

Grape skin extract modulates neuronal stem cell proliferation and improves spatial learning in senescence-accelerated prone 8 mice

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Figure 4. Effect of Grape skin extract (GSE) on SVZ neurosphere proliferation. Proliferation was tested using neurosphere cultures in presence of EGF and FGF2 (10 ng/mL). (A) Phase contrast microscopy images of neurospheres treated with or without grape extract (20 μg/mL) during 72 hr. Scale bar indicate 100 μm. (B) Neurosphere numbers after treatment with GSE. (C) The size of neurospheres after treatment with GSE. ** p < 0.01 compared with the control in a Student′s t-test.