Figure 8. The mechanism of PE alleviating mastitis in LPS-induced mastitis. LPS activates the inflammatory response and destroys the blood-milk barrier. PE inhibits the inflammatory response by inhibiting the AKT/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. ASP-184 may be a potential binding site for PE to inhibit AKT protein; In addition, PE promotes the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-3 expression, repair the blood and mammary barrier, and relieve mastitis.