Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 15 pp 19293—19305

Figure 2. Apremilast suppressed IL-1α-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mouse epidermal stem cells (ESCs). Cells were stimulated with 5 ng/mL IL-1α in the presence or absence of 1.5 or 3 μM Apremilast for 12 hours. (A). mRNA of TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-12; (B). Secretions of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12 (^****P < 0.0005 vs. vehicle group; ^#, ^##, P < 0.05, 0.01 vs. IL-1α treatment group, N = 5–6).