Figure 5. Osteoporosis derived EVs resulted in reduced mineralization in SaOS-2 cells. Mineralization quantification in control cells and EV-treated cells in either the presence of osteogenic factors (treated) or the absence (untreated). Bar-plot of n = 3 independent experiments ± SEM to quantify mineralization; Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc tests.