Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 7 pp 10326—10353

Figure 8. Carminic acid inhibits Fru-induced inflammation in kidney of Fru-challenged mice. (A) The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors in kidney tissues were measured by RT-qPCR analysis. (B, C) Western blot analysis was used to determine p-IKKβ, p-IκBα and p-NF-κB protein expression levels in kidney. (D) Nuclear NF-κB and whole cell p-JNK protein expression levels were assessed by western blot analysis. The results are expressed as the means ± SEM. n = 4 in each group. ^**P< 0.01 and ^***P< 0.001 compared with the Ctrl group; ⁺P< 0.05 and ⁺⁺P< 0.01 compared with the Fru group.