Figure 3. Defective glutathione synthesis in aged livers after APAP injury. (A) GSH oxidative stress is sustained in aged mice. Serum GSH is reduced at 8 hours after APAP administration in both young and aged mice. GSH levels are back to normal levels at 24 hours in young but not in aged mice. The graph shows average values with SEMs. (B) Expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL). Gclc, GCL catalytic subunit, is significantly upregulated at 8 and 24 hours after APAP administration in young mice. Gclm, the GCL modifier subunit, tends to be upregulated at 24 hours. By contrast, both Gclc and Gclm are not upregulated in aged mice. The graph shows average values with SEMs.