Prognostic factor selection using the LASSO binary logistic regression model. (A) LASSO coefficient profiles of the 45 variables. (B) Optimal parameter (lambda) selection in the LASSO model used tenfold cross-validation via minimum criteria. The partial likelihood deviance (binomial deviance) curve was plotted versus log(lambda). Dotted vertical lines were drawn at the optimal values by using the minimum criteria and the one standard error of the minimum criteria. (C) Developed mild or moderate to severe COVID−19 nomogram. (D) Calibration plot. (E) Decision curve.