Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 21 pp 21446—21468
High phosphate induces skeletal muscle atrophy and suppresses myogenic differentiation by increasing oxidative stress and activating Nrf2 signaling
Figure 10. High-Pi diet alters myogenin expression in GA muscle from sham-operated and CKD mice. Representative myogenin immunoblots from cytosolic (A) and nuclear (B) GA muscle fractions. Levels of these proteins were quantified by computer-assisted densitometric analysis. Data are presented as means ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (C) Schematic illustration of the molecular mechanism by which high Pi represses myogenic differentiation and promotes muscle atrophy. GA, gastrocnemius muscle; PFA, phosphonoformic acid; MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential; ROS, reactive oxygen species; ub-Nrf2, ubiquitinated Nrf2; ARE, antioxidant response element; Ox-Keap1, oxidized Keap1; p-p62, phosphorylated p62.