Figure 8. Proposed schematic of SAM effect on L-dopa-induced angiogenesis and proliferation in HUVEC cell. SAM intake significantly suppresses the L-dopa-induced VEGFA upregulation. Different from L-dopa treatment, SAM could promote the cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase arrest, accompanied with the decreased tube formation ability and cell proliferation rate. In addition, the data from molecular docking analysis indicates the direct binding ability between SAM and VEGFA.