Figure 4. Representative gene expression of inflammatory markers for Il-6, Tnf-α, Cxcl10, and Mcp1 (A). Representative images for GFAP (B) and IBA1 immunostaining (F) and quantifications for GFAP on the bar chart (C, E), and for IBA1 (G–I). Gene expression levels were determined by real-time PCR. Values represented are mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM); (n = 4-6 for each group). DG: Dentate Gyrus. Scale bar for immunohistochemical images is 200 μm. *p<0.05; **p<0.01.