Figure 9. Low-dose Vitamin C alone increases both mitochondrial metabolism and glycolysis: Seahorse profiles. The metabolic profile of MCF7 cell monolayers pre-treated with 250 μM Vitamin C alone for 3 days was assessed using the Seahorse XFe96 analyzer. Note that treatment with 250 μM Vitamin C significantly increased both mitochondrial metabolism and glycolysis in MCF7 cancer cells. These observations are consistent with the idea that Vitamin C acts as a mild pro-oxidant and stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, driving increased mitochondrial metabolism.